feat: Email-Eingangsverarbeitung für Destinatäre implementieren
Neues System zur automatischen Verarbeitung eingehender E-Mails von Destinatären. IMAP-Polling alle 15 Minuten via Celery Beat, automatische Zuordnung zu Destinatären anhand der E-Mail-Adresse, Upload von Anhängen zu Paperless-NGX. Umfasst: - DestinataerEmailEingang Model mit Status-Tracking - Celery Task für IMAP-Polling und Paperless-Integration - Web-UI (Liste + Detail) mit Such- und Filterfunktion - Admin-Interface mit Bulk-Actions - Agent-Dokumentation (SysAdmin, RentmeisterAI) - Dev-Environment Modernisierung (docker compose v2) Reviewed by: SysAdmin (STI-15), RentmeisterAI (STI-16) Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 4.6 <noreply@anthropic.com>
This commit is contained in:
Stiftung CEO Agent
324
app/stiftung/tasks.py
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324
app/stiftung/tasks.py
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"""
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Celery-Tasks für die automatische Verarbeitung von Destinatär-E-Mails.
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Workflow:
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1. `poll_destinataer_emails` läuft alle 15 Minuten (Celery Beat)
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2. Er liest ungelesene E-Mails aus dem IMAP-Postfach (paperless@vhtv-stiftung.de)
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3. Für jede E-Mail:
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a) Absender wird mit Destinatär-Datenbank abgeglichen (E-Mail-Feld)
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b) Ein DestinataerEmailEingang-Datensatz wird angelegt
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c) Alle Anhänge werden per Paperless-API hochgeladen
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d) Für jeden Anhang wird ein DokumentLink erstellt
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4. Nicht erkannte Absender werden als "unbekannt" markiert (manuelle Nachbearbeitung)
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Konfiguration (Umgebungsvariablen in .env / compose.yml):
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IMAP_HOST — IMAP-Server-Adresse (z. B. mail.vhtv-stiftung.de)
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IMAP_PORT — Port (Standard: 993 für SSL)
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IMAP_USER — Benutzername (z. B. paperless@vhtv-stiftung.de)
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IMAP_PASSWORD — Passwort
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IMAP_FOLDER — Ordner (Standard: INBOX)
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"""
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import email
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import email.utils
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import imaplib
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import io
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import logging
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import mimetypes
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from datetime import datetime, timezone as dt_timezone
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from email.header import decode_header, make_header
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import requests
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from celery import shared_task
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from django.conf import settings
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from django.utils import timezone
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logger = logging.getLogger(__name__)
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Hilfsfunktionen
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def _decode_header_value(raw_value: str) -> str:
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"""Dekodiert kodierte E-Mail-Header (z. B. UTF-8 oder Latin-1)."""
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if not raw_value:
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return ""
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try:
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return str(make_header(decode_header(raw_value)))
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except Exception:
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return raw_value
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def _parse_email_date(date_str: str) -> datetime:
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"""Parst das E-Mail-Datum und gibt ein timezone-aware datetime zurück."""
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try:
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parsed = email.utils.parsedate_to_datetime(date_str)
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if parsed.tzinfo is None:
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parsed = parsed.replace(tzinfo=dt_timezone.utc)
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return parsed
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except Exception:
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return timezone.now()
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def _get_email_body(msg) -> str:
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"""Extrahiert den Text-Body aus einer E-Mail (bevorzugt plain text)."""
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body_parts = []
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if msg.is_multipart():
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for part in msg.walk():
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ctype = part.get_content_type()
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disposition = str(part.get_content_disposition() or "")
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if ctype == "text/plain" and "attachment" not in disposition:
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charset = part.get_content_charset() or "utf-8"
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try:
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body_parts.append(part.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset, errors="replace"))
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except Exception:
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pass
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else:
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charset = msg.get_content_charset() or "utf-8"
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try:
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body_parts.append(msg.get_payload(decode=True).decode(charset, errors="replace"))
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except Exception:
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pass
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return "\n".join(body_parts).strip()
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def _upload_to_paperless(content: bytes, filename: str, destinataer=None, betreff: str = "") -> int | None:
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"""
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Lädt einen Anhang in Paperless-NGX hoch.
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Gibt die neue Paperless-Dokument-ID zurück, oder None bei Fehler.
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"""
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api_url = getattr(settings, "PAPERLESS_API_URL", None)
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api_token = getattr(settings, "PAPERLESS_API_TOKEN", None)
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if not api_url or not api_token:
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logger.warning("Paperless nicht konfiguriert – Anhang '%s' wird nicht hochgeladen.", filename)
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return None
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# Tag-ID für Destinatäre ermitteln
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tag_ids = []
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dest_tag_id = getattr(settings, "PAPERLESS_DESTINATAERE_TAG_ID", None)
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if dest_tag_id:
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try:
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tag_ids.append(int(dest_tag_id))
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except (ValueError, TypeError):
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pass
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# Correspondent: Name des Destinatärs (optional, Paperless sucht/erstellt ihn)
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correspondent_name = None
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if destinataer:
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correspondent_name = f"{destinataer.vorname} {destinataer.nachname}".strip()
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# Dateiname bereinigen
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safe_filename = filename or "anhang.pdf"
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# Mime-Type bestimmen
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mime_type, _ = mimetypes.guess_type(safe_filename)
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mime_type = mime_type or "application/octet-stream"
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upload_url = f"{api_url.rstrip('/')}/api/documents/post_document/"
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headers = {"Authorization": f"Token {api_token}"}
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form_data = {}
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if tag_ids:
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form_data["tags"] = tag_ids
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if correspondent_name:
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form_data["correspondent_name"] = correspondent_name
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if betreff:
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form_data["title"] = betreff[:128]
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files = {"document": (safe_filename, io.BytesIO(content), mime_type)}
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try:
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response = requests.post(
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upload_url,
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headers=headers,
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data=form_data,
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files=files,
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timeout=60,
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)
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response.raise_for_status()
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# Paperless gibt die neue Dokument-ID zurück (als Integer oder UUID-String)
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result = response.json()
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doc_id = result if isinstance(result, int) else result.get("id")
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logger.info("Anhang '%s' erfolgreich in Paperless hochgeladen (ID: %s).", safe_filename, doc_id)
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return doc_id
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except requests.RequestException as exc:
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logger.error("Fehler beim Hochladen von '%s' in Paperless: %s", safe_filename, exc)
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return None
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Haupttask
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# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
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@shared_task(bind=True, max_retries=3, default_retry_delay=300, name="stiftung.tasks.poll_destinataer_emails")
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def poll_destinataer_emails(self):
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"""
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Liest ungelesene E-Mails aus dem IMAP-Postfach und verarbeitet sie.
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Wird durch Celery Beat alle 15 Minuten ausgeführt.
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"""
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from stiftung.models import Destinataer, DestinataerEmailEingang, DokumentLink
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# IMAP-Konfiguration aus Settings
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imap_host = getattr(settings, "IMAP_HOST", None)
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imap_port = int(getattr(settings, "IMAP_PORT", 993))
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imap_user = getattr(settings, "IMAP_USER", None)
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imap_password = getattr(settings, "IMAP_PASSWORD", None)
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imap_folder = getattr(settings, "IMAP_FOLDER", "INBOX")
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imap_use_ssl = getattr(settings, "IMAP_USE_SSL", True)
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if not all([imap_host, imap_user, imap_password]):
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logger.warning(
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"IMAP nicht konfiguriert (IMAP_HOST, IMAP_USER, IMAP_PASSWORD fehlen). "
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"Task wird übersprungen."
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)
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return {"status": "skipped", "reason": "IMAP not configured"}
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# Vorab: Destinatär-E-Mail-Index für schnelle Zuordnung
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# Nur aktive Destinatäre mit gesetzter E-Mail-Adresse
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destinataer_by_email = {
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d.email.lower(): d
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for d in Destinataer.objects.filter(aktiv=True, email__isnull=False).exclude(email="")
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}
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processed = 0
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errors = 0
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try:
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# IMAP-Verbindung aufbauen
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if imap_use_ssl:
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mail = imaplib.IMAP4_SSL(imap_host, imap_port)
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else:
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mail = imaplib.IMAP4(imap_host, imap_port)
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mail.login(imap_user, imap_password)
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mail.select(imap_folder)
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# Ungelesene Nachrichten suchen
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_, message_ids_raw = mail.search(None, "UNSEEN")
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message_ids = message_ids_raw[0].split()
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logger.info("Postfach '%s': %d ungelesene Nachricht(en) gefunden.", imap_folder, len(message_ids))
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for msg_id in message_ids:
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try:
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_, msg_data = mail.fetch(msg_id, "(RFC822)")
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raw_email = msg_data[0][1]
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msg = email.message_from_bytes(raw_email)
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# Absender ermitteln
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from_raw = msg.get("From", "")
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absender_name_raw, absender_email_raw = email.utils.parseaddr(from_raw)
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absender_email = absender_email_raw.lower().strip()
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absender_name = _decode_header_value(absender_name_raw)
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# Betreff
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betreff = _decode_header_value(msg.get("Subject", ""))
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# Eingangsdatum
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eingangsdatum = _parse_email_date(msg.get("Date", ""))
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# E-Mail-Text
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email_text = _get_email_body(msg)
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# Destinatär zuordnen
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destinataer = destinataer_by_email.get(absender_email)
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status = "zugewiesen" if destinataer else "unbekannt"
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# Prüfen ob diese E-Mail bereits verarbeitet wurde (Duplikat-Check via
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# Datum + Absender + Betreff)
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already_exists = DestinataerEmailEingang.objects.filter(
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absender_email=absender_email,
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eingangsdatum=eingangsdatum,
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betreff=betreff[:500],
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).exists()
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if already_exists:
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logger.debug(
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"E-Mail von %s am %s bereits vorhanden – wird übersprungen.",
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absender_email, eingangsdatum,
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)
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# Als gelesen markieren
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mail.store(msg_id, "+FLAGS", "\\Seen")
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continue
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# Datensatz anlegen
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eingang = DestinataerEmailEingang(
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destinataer=destinataer,
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absender_email=absender_email,
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absender_name=absender_name,
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betreff=betreff[:500],
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eingangsdatum=eingangsdatum,
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email_text=email_text,
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status=status,
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)
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# Anhänge verarbeiten
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paperless_ids = []
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if msg.is_multipart():
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for part in msg.walk():
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disposition = str(part.get_content_disposition() or "")
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if "attachment" in disposition:
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filename = _decode_header_value(part.get_filename() or "")
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content = part.get_payload(decode=True)
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if not content:
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continue
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doc_id = _upload_to_paperless(
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content=content,
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filename=filename,
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destinataer=destinataer,
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betreff=betreff,
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)
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if doc_id:
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paperless_ids.append(doc_id)
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# DokumentLink anlegen
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DokumentLink.objects.create(
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paperless_document_id=doc_id,
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kontext="verwendungsnachweis",
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titel=f"{betreff[:100]} – {filename}" if filename else betreff[:200],
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beschreibung=(
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f"Automatisch importiert aus E-Mail-Eingang.\n"
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f"Absender: {absender_name} <{absender_email}>\n"
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f"Datum: {eingangsdatum.strftime('%d.%m.%Y %H:%M')}"
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),
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destinataer_id=destinataer.pk if destinataer else None,
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)
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eingang.paperless_dokument_ids = paperless_ids
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if paperless_ids:
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eingang.status = "verarbeitet" if destinataer else "unbekannt"
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eingang.save()
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# Als gelesen markieren
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mail.store(msg_id, "+FLAGS", "\\Seen")
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processed += 1
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logger.info(
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"E-Mail verarbeitet: von=%s, Destinatär=%s, Anhänge=%d",
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absender_email,
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str(destinataer) if destinataer else "unbekannt",
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len(paperless_ids),
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)
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except Exception as exc:
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errors += 1
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logger.exception("Fehler bei Verarbeitung von Nachricht %s: %s", msg_id, exc)
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# Nicht als gelesen markieren – wird beim nächsten Lauf erneut versucht
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mail.close()
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mail.logout()
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except imaplib.IMAP4.error as exc:
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logger.error("IMAP-Fehler: %s", exc)
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raise self.retry(exc=exc)
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except Exception as exc:
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logger.exception("Unerwarteter Fehler im poll_destinataer_emails-Task: %s", exc)
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raise self.retry(exc=exc)
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result = {"status": "done", "processed": processed, "errors": errors}
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logger.info("poll_destinataer_emails abgeschlossen: %s", result)
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return result
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