feat: append-only audit trail for all mutations (P0)

- Database: kanzlai.audit_log table with RLS, append-only policies
  (no UPDATE/DELETE), indexes for entity, user, and time queries
- Backend: AuditService.Log() with context-based tenant/user/IP/UA
  extraction, wired into all 7 services (case, deadline, appointment,
  document, note, party, tenant)
- API: GET /api/audit-log with entity_type, entity_id, user_id,
  from/to date, and pagination filters
- Frontend: Protokoll tab on case detail page with chronological
  audit entries, diff preview, and pagination

Required by § 50 BRAO and DSGVO Art. 5(2).

backend/internal/services/case_service.go

@@ -13,11 +13,12 @@ import (
 )
 
 type CaseService struct {
-	db *sqlx.DB
+	db    *sqlx.DB
+	audit *AuditService
 }
 
-func NewCaseService(db *sqlx.DB) *CaseService {
-	return &CaseService{db: db}
+func NewCaseService(db *sqlx.DB, audit *AuditService) *CaseService {
+	return &CaseService{db: db, audit: audit}
 }
 
 type CaseFilter struct {
@@ -162,6 +163,9 @@ func (s *CaseService) Create(ctx context.Context, tenantID uuid.UUID, userID uui
 	if err := s.db.GetContext(ctx, &c, "SELECT * FROM cases WHERE id = $1", id); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("fetching created case: %w", err)
 	}
+
+	s.audit.Log(ctx, "create", "case", &id, nil, c)
+
 	return &c, nil
 }
 
@@ -239,6 +243,9 @@ func (s *CaseService) Update(ctx context.Context, tenantID, caseID uuid.UUID, us
 	if err := s.db.GetContext(ctx, &updated, "SELECT * FROM cases WHERE id = $1", caseID); err != nil {
 		return nil, fmt.Errorf("fetching updated case: %w", err)
 	}
+
+	s.audit.Log(ctx, "update", "case", &caseID, current, updated)
+
 	return &updated, nil
 }
 
@@ -254,6 +261,7 @@ func (s *CaseService) Delete(ctx context.Context, tenantID, caseID uuid.UUID, us
 		return sql.ErrNoRows
 	}
 	createEvent(ctx, s.db, tenantID, caseID, userID, "case_archived", "Case archived", nil)
+	s.audit.Log(ctx, "delete", "case", &caseID, map[string]string{"status": "active"}, map[string]string{"status": "archived"})
 	return nil
 }